PSITTACUS
ERITHACUS (GREY PARROT, CONGO GREY PARROT, CONGO AFRICAN GREY PARROT OR AFRICAN
GREY PARROT), PSITTACUS TIMNEH (TIMNEH PARROT, TIMNEH GREY PARROT OR
TIMNEH AFRICAN GREY PARROT)
GREY PARROT (PSITTACUS ERITHACUS)
THE GREY PARROT (PSITTACUS ERITHACUS), ALSO KNOWN AS THE
CONGO GREY PARROT, CONGO AFRICAN GREY PARROT, OR AFRICAN GREY PARROT, IS AN OLD
WORLD PARROT IN THE FAMILY PSITTACIDAE. THE TIMNEH PARROT (PSITTACUS TIMNEH)
ONCE WAS IDENTIFIED AS A SUBSPECIES OF THE GREY PARROT BUT HAS SINCE BEEN
ELEVATED TO A FULL SPECIES.
SCIENTIFIC SYNONYMS: PART OF THE SUB-SPECIES PSITTACUS ERITHACUS ERITHACUS
(FROM THE ISLANDS OF PRINCIPE AND BIOKO) WAS FORMERLY BELIEVED TO FORM ANOTHER
SUB-SPECIES P.E. PRINCEPS WHICH WAS ON APPENDIX I, BUT IT IS NOT
DISTINGUISHABLE FROM NOMINATING AND IS NOW INCLUDED IN IT.
RANGE: THE
GREY PARROT IS NATIVE TO EQUATORIAL AFRICA. ANGOLA,
BENIN, BURUNDI, CAMEROON, CENTRAL
AFRICAN REPUBLIC, CONGO, COTE D'IVOIRE, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO,
EQUATORIAL GUINEA, GABON, GHANA, GUINEA, GUINEA BISSAU, KENYA, LIBERIA, MALI,
NIGERIA, RWANDA, SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE, SIERRA LEONE, TOGO, UGANDA, UNITED
REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA.
ADULT GREY PARROT:
MEASUREMENTS: TOTAL LENGTH FROM THE TIP OF BILL TO TIP OF TAIL 28-39 CM.
LENGTH OF THE WING FROM THE END OF THE FOLDED WING TO THE TIP OF PRIMARIES MALE
230-252 MM, FEMALE 225-259 MM, LENGTH OF TAIL FROM THE BASE OF CENTRAL
TAIL-FEATHERS TO THE TIP OF LONGEST TAIL-FEATHER MALE 80-100 MM, FEMALE 79-100
MM, EXPOSED CULMEN AS A STRAIGHT LINE FROM THE TIP OF UPPER MANDIBLE TO THE
ANTERIOR EDGE OF CERE 32-40 MM, FEMALE 32-42 MM, TARSUS LENGTH AS THE LENGTH OF
TARSOMETATARSUS 25-28 MM, FEMALE 25-28 MM.
GENERAL PLUMAGE: MALE AND FEMALE SIMILAR IN PLUMAGE. MEDIUM-SIZED, STOCKY
PARROT, SQUARE TAIL LESS THAN ONE-THIRD BODY LENGTH, PLUMAGE MAINLY GREY.
HEAD: FEATHERS
OF MOST OF THE HEAD ARE DARK GREY, MARGINED WITH GREYISH WHITE. FEATHERS OF
LORES AND AROUND THE EYE ARE SHORT HAIRY AND WHITISH.
UPPERPARTS: NAPE GREY, THE FEATHERS MARGINED WITH GREYISH WHITE. MANTLE
GREY, THE FEATHERS MARGINED WITH EITHER GREYISH WHITE OR DARKER GREY. BACK AND
RUMP PALER GREY.
UNDERPARTS: NECK GREY, THE FEATHERS MARGINED WITH GREYISH WHITE. THE ABDOMEN
IS ALSO GREY, THE FEATHERS MARGINED WITH DARKER GREY. BREAST GREY, THE FEATHERS
MARGINED WITH EITHER GREYISH WHITE OR DARKER GREY. SOME INDIVIDUALS HAVE SOME
RED FEATHERS ON THE ABDOMEN AND THIGHS, VERY FEW ARE EVEN NEARLY COMPLETELY
RED.
WINGS: UPPER
AND UNDER-WING COVERTS MORE OR LESS PALE OR DARK GREY. REMIGES ARE ALWAYS VERY
DARK GREY, NEARLY BLACK.
TAIL: RECTRICES
RED. UPPER AND UNDER-TAIL COVERTS ALSO RED, THOSE CLOSEST TO THE BODY GREY.
LEGS: DARK
GREY.
EYE: IRIS
PALE YELLOW.
BARE SKIN: CERE WHITE.
BEAK: BLACK.
DIET: THEY
ARE MOSTLY FRUGIVOROUS AS MOST OF THEIR DIET CONSISTS OF FRUIT, NUTS, AND
SEEDS. THE SPECIES PREFERS OIL PALM FRUIT AND THEY EAT FLOWERS AND TREE BARK,
AS WELL AS INSECTS AND SNAILS. IN THE WILD, THE GREY PARROT IS PARTLY A GROUND
FEEDER. IN CAPTIVITY, THEY MAY BE FED BIRD PELLETS, A VARIETY OF FRUITS SUCH AS
APPLE, BANANAS, FIG (FICUS RACEMOSA), PEAR, GUAVA, INDIAN GOOSEBERRY,
JACKFRUIT, MANGO, ORANGE, PAPAYA, POMEGRANATE, AND WATERMELON. VEGETABLES SUCH
AS ASPARAGUS BEAN, BEETROOT, BROCCOLI, CARROT, CHILLI PEPPER, CUCUMBER,
DRUMSTICK, FRESH CORN, GREEN BEANS, PUMPKIN, AND COOKED SWEET POTATO. THEY ALSO
NEED A SOURCE OF CALCIUM.
BREEDING: GREY PARROTS ARE MONOGAMOUS BREEDERS WHO NEST IN TREE CAVITIES. EACH MATED PAIR OF PARROTS NEEDS THEIR OWN TREE FOR THEIR NEST. THE HEN LAYS THREE TO FIVE EGGS, WHICH SHE INCUBATES FOR 30 DAYS WHILE BEING FED BY HER MATE. THE ADULTS DEFEND THEIR NESTING SITES. GREY PARROT CHICKS REQUIRE FEEDING AND CARE FROM THEIR PARENTS IN THE NEST. THE PARENTS TAKE CARE OF THEM UNTIL 4–5 WEEKS AFTER THEY ARE FLEDGED. YOUNG LEAVE THE NEST AT THE AGE OF 12 WEEKS. THEY WEIGH 12–14 G AT HATCHING AND 372–526 G WHEN THEY LEAVE THEIR PARENTS.
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