CRITICALLY ENDANGERED BIRDS IN CITES APPENDIX 1

CITES APPENDIX I BIRDS

A LIFELINE FOR ENDANGERED BIRDS IN A FRAGILE ECOSYSTEM:

THE CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (CITES) STANDS AS A POWERFUL TESTAMENT TO HUMANITY'S COMMITMENT TO THE PRESERVATION OF EARTH'S DIVERSE AND ENDANGERED SPECIES. AMONG ITS CRUCIAL APPENDICES, APPENDIX I EMERGES AS A SAFEGUARD FOR SOME OF THE MOST THREATENED AVIAN INHABITANTS OF OUR PLANET. CITES WAS ADOPTED IN 1973 AND WENT INTO EFFECT ON JULY 1, 1975, THIS APPENDIX SERVES AS A SHIELD AGAINST THE PERILS OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE, OFFERING A LIFELINE TO ENDANGERED BIRD SPECIES ON THE BRINK OF EXTINCTION.

THE BIRD SPECIES LISTED IN CITES APPENDIX I ENCOMPASS A BROAD SPECTRUM OF ECOLOGICAL NICHES AND GEOGRAPHICAL RANGES. FROM THE REGAL PHILIPPINE EAGLE SOARING OVER THE RAINFORESTS OF THE PHILIPPINES TO SPIX'S MACAW OF BRAZIL, THE AFRICAN GRAY PARROT, THE GREAT INDIAN HORNBILL, THE GREAT INDIAN BUSTARD, THE WHITE-CHESTED WHITE-EYE, AND THE ELUSIVE JAVAN HAWK-EAGLE OF INDONESIA, THESE BIRDS REPRESENT BOTH THE BEAUTY AND FRAGILITY OF THE NATURAL WORLD. THE INCLUSION OF THESE SPECIES IN APPENDIX I RESONATES AS A COLLECTIVE ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF THE URGENT NEED TO COMBAT THE MYRIAD THREATS THEY FACE, FROM HABITAT DESTRUCTION TO ILLEGAL TRADE.

APPENDIX I EXERTS A FIRM GRIP ON INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL TRADE, AIMING TO MITIGATE THE THREATS THAT JEOPARDIZE THE SURVIVAL OF THESE AVIAN WONDERS. THE PROHIBITION OF TRADE IN APPENDIX I-LISTED BIRDS FOR PRIMARILY COMMERCIAL PURPOSES SERVES AS A CRITICAL DEFENSE MECHANISM AGAINST THEIR OVEREXPLOITATION. HOWEVER, THE APPENDIX ALSO ACKNOWLEDGES THAT RESPONSIBLE AND NON-COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES, SUCH AS SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND CONSERVATION BREEDING PROGRAMS, CAN PLAY A PIVOTAL ROLE IN FOSTERING THE RECOVERY OF THESE SPECIES.

THE CORE PRINCIPLE UNDERLYING APPENDIX I IS THE CONCEPT OF SHARED RESPONSIBILITY. IT CATALYZES A GLOBAL NETWORK OF CONSERVATION EFFORTS, FOSTERING COLLABORATION AMONG COUNTRIES TO PROTECT SPECIES THAT TRANSCEND BORDERS. WHEN A SPECIES IS LISTED IN APPENDIX I, IT PROMPTS NATIONS TO CHANNEL THEIR EXPERTISE AND RESOURCES TOWARD SAFEGUARDING THESE BIRDS, EVEN IF THEY MAY NOT EXIST WITHIN THEIR OWN TERRITORIES.

THE ENFORCEMENT OF CITES APPENDIX I HINGES UPON A METICULOUS SYSTEM OF PERMITS AND REGULATIONS. EXPORT AND IMPORT PERMITS ARE ISSUED BY THE CITES MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OF EACH PARTY, ENSURING THAT ANY TRADE INVOLVING THESE SPECIES ADHERES TO THE RIGOROUS STANDARDS SET FORTH BY THE CONVENTION. THIS SYSTEM NOT ONLY CURBS THE ILLEGAL TRADE THAT THREATENS THESE BIRDS BUT ALSO PROVIDES A PLATFORM FOR FOSTERING INTERNATIONAL DIALOGUE AND COOPERATION.

THE CONSERVATION IMPLICATIONS OF APPENDIX I EXTEND BEYOND INDIVIDUAL SPECIES. BY SAFEGUARDING ENDANGERED BIRDS, THE APPENDIX CONTRIBUTES TO THE PROTECTION OF ENTIRE ECOSYSTEMS. BIRDS PLAY VITAL ROLES AS POLLINATORS, SEED DISPERSERS, AND INDICATORS OF ECOSYSTEM HEALTH. PRESERVING THEM HAS A CASCADING EFFECT THAT BENEFITS OTHER SPECIES AND ULTIMATELY SUPPORTS THE DELICATE BALANCE OF OUR PLANET'S NATURAL SYSTEMS.

IN CONCLUSION, CITES APPENDIX I SERVES AS A BEACON OF HOPE FOR THE FUTURE OF ENDANGERED BIRD SPECIES. THROUGH ITS RESOLUTE MEASURES, IT EMBODIES THE ETHOS OF UNITY AND SHARED RESPONSIBILITY THAT DEFINES GLOBAL CONSERVATION EFFORTS. AS WE NAVIGATE AN ERA OF UNPRECEDENTED ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES, APPENDIX I OFFERS A GLIMPSE OF A WORLD WHERE HUMANITY'S COMMITMENT TO SAFEGUARDING BIODIVERSITY PREVAILS, ENSURING THAT THESE REMARKABLE AVIAN SPECIES CONTINUE TO GRACE OUR SKIES FOR GENERATIONS TO COME.

INDIA

IN INDIA, THE HANDLING OF BIRD SPECIES LISTED IN CITES APPENDIX I INVOLVES A COMPREHENSIVE AND INTRICATE APPROACH THAT ENCOMPASSES LEGAL FRAMEWORKS, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, CONSERVATION STRATEGIES, PUBLIC AWARENESS CAMPAIGNS, INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, AND THE ACTIVE INVOLVEMENT OF VARIOUS GOVERNMENTAL AND NON-GOVERNMENTAL ENTITIES. THE PRIMARY OBJECTIVE IS TO ENSURE THE SURVIVAL AND PROTECTION OF THESE ENDANGERED AVIAN SPECIES WHILE PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES AND PREVENTING THEIR ILLEGAL EXPLOITATION. THIS MULTIFACETED APPROACH UNDERSCORES INDIA'S COMMITMENT TO BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION AND ITS ROLE IN THE GLOBAL EFFORT TO SAFEGUARD APPENDIX I BIRD SPECIES.

LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND PERMITS:

THE HANDLING OF APPENDIX I BIRD SPECIES IN INDIA IS GUIDED BY A ROBUST LEGAL FRAMEWORK. THE WILDLIFE (PROTECTION) ACT, OF 1972, SERVES AS THE CORNERSTONE OF WILDLIFE CONSERVATION IN THE COUNTRY. IT PROVIDES LEGAL PROTECTION TO ENDANGERED SPECIES, INCLUDING THOSE LISTED IN CITES APPENDIX I. THE ACT EMPOWERS THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT TO ISSUE NOTIFICATIONS FOR THE PROHIBITION OF HUNTING, TRADE, AND COMMERCIAL EXPLOITATION OF THESE SPECIES. THE ACT IS COMPLEMENTED BY THE CITES PROVISIONS, WHICH REGULATE INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN APPENDIX I SPECIES.

THE INDIAN GOVERNMENT DESIGNATES THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST, AND CLIMATE CHANGE (MoEFCC) AS THE NATIONAL CITES MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY. THIS AUTHORITY IS RESPONSIBLE FOR GRANTING PERMITS FOR ANY FORM OF TRADE, INCLUDING NON-COMMERCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITIES, INVOLVING APPENDIX I SPECIES. PERMITS ARE ISSUED BASED ON RIGOROUS ASSESSMENTS OF THE TRADE'S POTENTIAL IMPACT ON THE SPECIES' SURVIVAL AND COMPLIANCE WITH CITES REGULATIONS.

SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND MONITORING:

A CRUCIAL COMPONENT OF HANDLING APPENDIX I BIRD SPECIES IS THE CONDUCT OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND MONITORING. RESEARCH INITIATIVES FOCUS ON UNDERSTANDING THE ECOLOGY, BEHAVIOR, DISTRIBUTION, AND POPULATION DYNAMICS OF THESE SPECIES. SUCH STUDIES ARE OFTEN CARRIED OUT BY GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES, RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS, AND CONSERVATION ORGANIZATIONS. DATA GATHERED THROUGH RESEARCH INFORM CONSERVATION STRATEGIES AND CONTRIBUTE TO INFORMED DECISION-MAKING.

MONITORING PROGRAMS ARE DESIGNED TO TRACK THE STATUS AND TRENDS OF APPENDIX I BIRD SPECIES. THESE EFFORTS INVOLVE REGULAR SURVEYS, POPULATION ASSESSMENTS, AND HABITAT MONITORING. BY SYSTEMATICALLY COLLECTING DATA, INDIA CAN ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CONSERVATION MEASURES, IDENTIFY EMERGING THREATS, AND ADAPT STRATEGIES AS NEEDED.

CONSERVATION STRATEGIES AND HABITAT PROTECTION:

INDIA PLACES A STRONG EMPHASIS ON IMPLEMENTING CONSERVATION STRATEGIES TO PROTECT APPENDIX I BIRD SPECIES AND THEIR HABITATS. THESE STRATEGIES INCLUDE THE ESTABLISHMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF PROTECTED AREAS, NATIONAL PARKS, WILDLIFE SANCTUARIES, AND COMMUNITY RESERVES. THESE AREAS PROVIDE VITAL HABITATS FOR ENDANGERED BIRDS, WHERE THEY CAN THRIVE WITHOUT THE IMMEDIATE THREAT OF HUMAN DISTURBANCES, HABITAT LOSS, OR ILLEGAL TRADE.

HABITAT PROTECTION AND RESTORATION EFFORTS ARE ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS OF CONSERVING APPENDIX I BIRD SPECIES. INDIA UNDERTAKES HABITAT RESTORATION PROJECTS, SUCH AS REFORESTATION AND WETLAND CONSERVATION, TO CREATE CONDUCIVE ENVIRONMENTS FOR THESE SPECIES TO BREED, FEED, AND NEST. FURTHERMORE, EFFORTS ARE MADE TO MITIGATE THREATS FROM INVASIVE SPECIES, POLLUTION, AND HABITAT FRAGMENTATION.

PUBLIC AWARENESS AND EDUCATION:

RAISING PUBLIC AWARENESS IS A CRITICAL ASPECT OF HANDLING APPENDIX I BIRD SPECIES IN INDIA. PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT CAMPAIGNS, WORKSHOPS, SEMINARS, AND EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS ARE CONDUCTED TO EDUCATE LOCAL COMMUNITIES, STUDENTS, AND THE GENERAL PUBLIC ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE OF THESE SPECIES AND THE ROLE THEY PLAY IN MAINTAINING ECOSYSTEM HEALTH. CREATING A SENSE OF OWNERSHIP AND RESPONSIBILITY AMONG LOCAL COMMUNITIES IS VITAL FOR THE LONG-TERM CONSERVATION OF THESE BIRDS.

ADDITIONALLY, INITIATIVES LIKE BIRDWATCHING TOURS AND ECOTOURISM PROMOTE A DEEPER UNDERSTANDING OF THE VALUE OF THESE SPECIES AND THEIR HABITATS. ENGAGING PEOPLE IN OBSERVING AND APPRECIATING THESE BIRDS FOSTERS A CONNECTION WITH NATURE AND ENCOURAGES SUPPORT FOR CONSERVATION EFFORTS.

INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION AND ADVOCACY:

MANY APPENDIX I BIRD SPECIES ARE MIGRATORY, TRAVERSING INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES DURING THEIR ANNUAL MIGRATIONS. INDIA ACTIVELY ENGAGES IN INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIONS TO ADDRESS THE CONSERVATION NEEDS OF THESE SPECIES THROUGHOUT THEIR MIGRATORY ROUTES. BILATERAL AND MULTILATERAL AGREEMENTS FACILITATE THE SHARING OF INFORMATION, RESEARCH FINDINGS, AND BEST PRACTICES FOR THEIR PROTECTION.

INDIA'S PARTICIPATION IN CONFERENCES OF THE PARTIES (COP) MEETINGS OF CITES PROVIDES A PLATFORM TO ADVOCATE FOR STRONGER CONSERVATION MEASURES FOR APPENDIX I BIRD SPECIES ON A GLOBAL SCALE. THESE MEETINGS ENABLE COUNTRIES TO COLLECTIVELY DEVELOP AND ADOPT POLICIES, DECISIONS, AND RESOLUTIONS THAT ENHANCE THE PROTECTION AND CONSERVATION OF THESE SPECIES.

LAW ENFORCEMENT AND ANTI-TRAFFICKING MEASURES:

THE ENFORCEMENT OF LEGAL PROVISIONS AND ANTI-TRAFFICKING MEASURES IS PARAMOUNT IN HANDLING APPENDIX I BIRD SPECIES. CUSTOMS AND LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES PLAY A CRUCIAL ROLE IN PREVENTING THE ILLEGAL TRADE OF THESE SPECIES AND THEIR DERIVATIVES. REGULAR INSPECTIONS OF MARKETS, WILDLIFE TRAFFICKING ROUTES, AND ONLINE PLATFORMS HELP INTERCEPT AND DETER ILLEGAL ACTIVITIES.

STRINGENT PENALTIES AND LEGAL ACTIONS ARE IMPOSED ON INDIVIDUALS OR ENTITIES INVOLVED IN THE ILLEGAL TRADE OF APPENDIX I BIRD SPECIES. THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK ENSURES THAT THOSE ENGAGING IN WILDLIFE TRAFFICKING FACE SEVERE CONSEQUENCES, SERVING AS A DETERRENT TO POTENTIAL OFFENDERS.

RESEARCH AND CONSERVATION PARTNERSHIPS:

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH AND CONSERVATION PARTNERSHIPS BETWEEN GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES, NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS (NGOS), ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, AND LOCAL COMMUNITIES ARE INSTRUMENTAL IN HANDLING APPENDIX I BIRD SPECIES. THESE PARTNERSHIPS FACILITATE THE EXCHANGE OF KNOWLEDGE, EXPERTISE, AND RESOURCES TO IMPLEMENT EFFECTIVE CONSERVATION STRATEGIES.

NGOS AND RESEARCH ORGANIZATIONS CONDUCT FIELD STUDIES, MONITOR POPULATIONS, AND CONTRIBUTE TO HABITAT RESTORATION INITIATIVES. THEIR INVOLVEMENT STRENGTHENS ON-THE-GROUND CONSERVATION EFFORTS, EMPOWERS LOCAL COMMUNITIES, AND CONTRIBUTES TO THE OVERALL SUCCESS OF APPENDIX I BIRD SPECIES CONSERVATION.

IN CONCLUSION, INDIA'S APPROACH TO HANDLING APPENDIX I BIRD SPECIES IS A COMPREHENSIVE AND INTRICATE ENDEAVOR THAT ENCOMPASSES LEGAL MEASURES, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, CONSERVATION STRATEGIES, PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT, INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, LAW ENFORCEMENT, AND PARTNERSHIPS. BY ADDRESSING THE MULTIFACETED CHALLENGES FACED BY THESE ENDANGERED AVIAN SPECIES, INDIA CONTRIBUTES SIGNIFICANTLY TO GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION AND DEMONSTRATES ITS COMMITMENT TO PROTECTING THESE REMARKABLE CREATURES FOR GENERATIONS TO COME.

INDIAN WILDLIFE PROTECTION ACT:

THE INDIAN WILDLIFE PROTECTION ACT, ENACTED IN 1972 AND SUBSEQUENTLY AMENDED TO ADDRESS EMERGING CONSERVATION CHALLENGES, STANDS AS A CORNERSTONE OF INDIA'S COMMITMENT TO THE PRESERVATION AND SAFEGUARDING OF ITS RICH AND DIVERSE WILDLIFE HERITAGE. THIS COMPREHENSIVE LEGISLATION HOLDS IMMENSE IMPORTANCE AS IT SERVES TO PROTECT AND CONSERVE THE COUNTRY'S INVALUABLE BIODIVERSITY, ENSURING THE SURVIVAL OF COUNTLESS SPECIES FOR FUTURE GENERATIONS. THE ACT RECOGNIZES THE INTRINSIC VALUE OF WILDLIFE, NOT ONLY FOR THEIR ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE BUT ALSO FOR THEIR CULTURAL AND AESTHETIC IMPORTANCE. BY PROVIDING LEGAL SAFEGUARDS AND MECHANISMS FOR THE PREVENTION OF OFFENSES, THE ACT PLAYS A PIVOTAL ROLE IN MITIGATING THREATS SUCH AS HABITAT DESTRUCTION, POACHING, ILLEGAL TRADE, AND HUMAN-WILDLIFE CONFLICT.

THE INDIAN WILDLIFE PROTECTION ACT'S SIGNIFICANCE LIES IN ITS HOLISTIC APPROACH TO WILDLIFE CONSERVATION. IT CATEGORIZES SPECIES INTO DIFFERENT SCHEDULES BASED ON THEIR CONSERVATION STATUS, WITH VARYING DEGREES OF PROTECTION. THIS ENABLES FOCUSED AND TAILORED CONSERVATION EFFORTS THAT ALIGN WITH THE SPECIFIC NEEDS OF EACH SPECIES. THE ACT EMPOWERS THE GOVERNMENT TO DECLARE PROTECTED AREAS SUCH AS NATIONAL PARKS, WILDLIFE SANCTUARIES, AND CONSERVATION RESERVES, PROVIDING SAFE HAVENS FOR WILDLIFE TO THRIVE FREE FROM HUMAN DISTURBANCES. THIS DESIGNATION ENSURES THE PRESERVATION OF CRUCIAL HABITATS AND ECOSYSTEMS, CONTRIBUTING TO THE OVERALL HEALTH OF THE ENVIRONMENT.

THE ACT IS INSTRUMENTAL IN PREVENTING OFFENSES AGAINST WILDLIFE THROUGH STRINGENT REGULATIONS AND PENALTIES. OFFENSES SUCH AS HUNTING, POACHING, CAPTURING, AND TRADING OF PROTECTED SPECIES ARE STRICTLY PROHIBITED AND CAN RESULT IN SEVERE FINES, IMPRISONMENT, OR BOTH. THE ACT'S PROVISIONS ARE DESIGNED TO ACT AS A STRONG DETERRENT, DISCOURAGING INDIVIDUALS FROM ENGAGING IN ILLEGAL ACTIVITIES THAT POSE A THREAT TO INDIA'S BIODIVERSITY. IT ALSO MANDATES THE FORFEITURE OF EQUIPMENT AND VEHICLES USED IN COMMITTING OFFENSES, FURTHER DISSUADING POTENTIAL OFFENDERS. ADDITIONALLY, THE ACT ADDRESSES THE ISSUE OF HUMAN-WILDLIFE CONFLICT BY OUTLINING MEASURES TO PREVENT DAMAGE CAUSED BY ANIMALS TO PROPERTY OR CROPS, ENSURING THE SAFETY AND WELL-BEING OF BOTH PEOPLE AND WILDLIFE.

IN CONCLUSION, THE INDIAN WILDLIFE PROTECTION ACT STANDS AS A TESTAMENT TO INDIA'S COMMITMENT TO CONSERVING ITS NATURAL HERITAGE. ITS IMPORTANCE LIES IN ITS COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH TO SAFEGUARDING BIODIVERSITY, ITS PREVENTION OF OFFENSES AGAINST WILDLIFE THROUGH STRINGENT REGULATIONS, AND ITS ROLE IN PROMOTING COEXISTENCE BETWEEN HUMANS AND WILDLIFE. BY PROVIDING LEGAL PROTECTION, PROMOTING HABITAT PRESERVATION, AND IMPOSING SIGNIFICANT PENALTIES, THE ACT ENSURES THAT INDIA'S RICH AND DIVERSE WILDLIFE CONTINUES TO THRIVE IN A BALANCED AND HARMONIOUS ENVIRONMENT. AS A VITAL LEGAL INSTRUMENT, THE ACT NOT ONLY UPHOLDS ECOLOGICAL INTEGRITY BUT ALSO REINFORCES THE CULTURAL AND INTRINSIC VALUE OF WILDLIFE IN THE NATION'S COLLECTIVE IDENTITY.


CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA/CITES






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เด‡ เดฒേเด–เดจเดค്เดคിเตฝ เด‰เตพเดช്เดชെเดŸുเดค്เดคിเดฏിเดฐിเด•്เด•ുเดจ്เดจു เดตിเดตเดฐเด™്เด™เตพ เดŽเตปเดฑെ เดšെเดฑിเดฏ เด…เดฑിเดตിเตฝ เดจിเดจ്เดจാเดฃ്. เด‡เดคിเตฝ เดŽเดจ്เดคെเด™്เด•ിเดฒും เดคെเดฑ്เดฑുเด•เตพ เดธംเดญเดตിเดš്เดšിเดŸ്เดŸുเดฃ്เดŸെเด™്เด•ിเตฝ เดคീเตผเดš്เดšเดฏാเดฏും เด…เดค് เด•เดฎเตปเดฑ് เดฌോเด•്เดธിเตฝ เดฐേเด–เดช്เดชെเดŸുเดค്เดคเดฃം. เดญൂเดฎുเด–เดค്เดคുเดณ്เดณ เดฎเดฑ്เดฑു เดœീเดตเดœാเดฒเด™്เด™เดณുเดŸെ เด†เดตാเดธ เดต്เดฏเดตเดธ്เดฅเดฏെ เด…เดคുเดชോเดฒെ เดจിเดฒเดจിเตผเดค്เดคുเดจ്เดจเดคിเดจും. เด…เดตเดฐുเดŸെ เดตംเดถเดจാเดถം เดธംเดญเดตിเด•്เด•ാเดคെ เดจോเด•്เด•ുเดจ്เดจเดคിเดจും เดตേเดฃ്เดŸി 1972 - เตฝ เด‡เดจ്เดค്เดฏเดฏിเตฝ เดจിเดฒเดตിเตฝเดตเดจ്เดจ เดจിเดฏเดฎเดฎാเดฃ് เด‡เดจ്เดค്เดฏเตป เดตเดจ്เดฏเดœീเดตി (เดธംเดฐเด•്เดทเดฃ) เดจിเดฏเดฎം. เด‡เดจ്เดค്เดฏเตป เดตเดจ്เดฏเดœീเดตി (เดธംเดฐเด•്เดทเดฃ) เดจിเดฏเดฎം 1972-เดฒെ เดจിเดฏเดฎเดฎเดจുเดธเดฐിเดš്เดš്. เด‡เดจ്เดค്เดฏเดฏിเดฒുเดณ്เดณ เดตเดจเด™്เด™เดณിเดฒെ เดชเด•്เดทിเด•เดณെเดฏോ เดฎൃเด—เด™്เด™เดณെเดฏോ เดตേเดŸ്เดŸเดฏാเดŸുเดจ്เดจเดคും เดตിเตฝเด•്เด•ുเดจ്เดจเดคും เดตാเด™്เด™ുเดจ്เดจเดคും เดตเดณเตผเดค്เดคുเดจ്เดจเดคും เด…เดตเดฐുเดŸെ เด‰เตฝเดชเดจ്เดจเด™്เด™เตพ เด•ൈเดฏിเตฝ เดตเดฏ്เด•്เด•ുเดจ്เดจเดคും เดจിเดฏเดฎเดตിเดฐുเดฆ്เดงเดฎാเดฃ്. 1991- เตฝ เด‰เดฃ്เดŸാเดฏ เดจിเดฏเดฎ เดญേเดฆเด—เดคി เดช്เดฐเด•ാเดฐം เดจിเดฏเดฎം เดฒംเด˜ിเด•്เด•ുเดจ്เดจเดตเตผเด•്เด•് 3000 เดฐൂเดช เดชിเดดเดฏോ 3-เดตเตผเดทം เดคเดŸเดตോ เด…เดฒ്เดฒെเด™്เด•ിเตฝ เดฐเดฃ്เดŸും เด•ൂเดŸിเดฏോ เด†เดฏി เดถിเด•്เดทിเด•്เด•เดช്เดชെเดŸുเดจ്เดจเดคാเดฃ്. เดˆ เดจിเดฏเดฎം เดฒംเด˜ിเด•്เด•เดช്เดชെเดŸ്เดŸെเดจ്เดจ് เดฌോเดง്เดฏം เดตเดจ്เดจാเตฝ เดตเดจ്เดฏเดœീเดตി เดธംเดฐเด•്เดทเดฃ เดกเดฏเดฑเด•്เดฑ്เดฑเตผเด•്เด•ോ, เดšീเดซ് เดตൈเตฝเดก് เดฒൈเดซ് เดตാเตผเดกเดจോ, เด…เดฆ്เดฆേเดนം เดšുเดฎเดคเดฒเดช്เดชെเดŸുเดค്เดคുเดจ്เดจ เด†เตพเด•്เด•ോ, เดตเดจ്เดฏเดœീเดตി เดตเด•ുเดช്เดช് เด‰เดฆ്เดฏോเด—เดธ്เดฅเตผเด•്เด•ോ, เดธเดฌ് เด‡เตปเดธ്เดชെเด•്เดฑ്เดฑเดฑിเตฝ เด•ുเดฑเดฏാเดค്เดค เดฑാเด™്เด•് เด‰เดณ്เดณ เดชോเดฒീเดธ് เด‰เดฆ്เดฏോเด—เดธ്เดฅเตผเด•്เด•ോ เดฌเดจ്เดงเดช്เดชെเดŸ്เดŸ เดธ്เดฅเดฒเดค്เดค് เดช്เดฐเดตേเดถിเด•്เด•ാเดจും, เด…เดจ്เดตേเดทเดฃം เดจเดŸเดค്เดคാเดจും, เด…เดฑเดธ്เดฑ്เดฑ് เดตാเดฑเดฃ്เดŸ് เด‡เดฒ്เดฒാเดคെ เดคเดจ്เดจെ เดคെเดฑ്เดฑു เดšെเดฏ്เดคเดตเดฐെ เด…เดฑเดธ്เดฑ്เดฑ് เดšെเดฏ്เดค് เดคเดŸเดตിเตฝ เดชാเตผเดช്เดชിเด•്เด•ാเดจും เดจിเดฏเดฎเดค്เดคിเดจ്เดฑെ เดธെเด•്เดทเตป 50 เด…เดงിเด•ാเดฐം เดจเตฝเด•ുเดจ്เดจു. เด‡เดคുเด•ൂเดŸാเดคെ เดธെเด•്เดทเตป 53-เตฝ เด…เดงിเด•ാเดฐിเด•เตพ เดคเด™്เด™เดณുเดŸെ เด…เดงിเด•ാเดฐം เดฆുเตผ‌เดตിเดจിเดฏോเด—ം เดจเดŸเดค്เดคിเดฏെเดจ്เดจ് เดคെเดณിเดž്เดžാเตฝ 500 เดฐൂเดช เดชിเดดเดฏും 6 เดฎാเดธം เดตเดฐെ เดคเดŸเดตും เดจിเดฏเดฎเดค്เดคിเตฝ เดต്เดฏเด•്เดคเดฎാเด•്เด•ിเดฏിเดŸ്เดŸുเดฃ്เดŸ്. เดจเดฎ്เดฎുเดŸെ เดตเดจเด™്เด™เดณിเตฝ เด‰เดณ്เดณ เดŽเดฒ്เดฒാ เดœീเดตเดœാเดฒเด™്เด™เดณെเดฏും เดธംเดฐเด•്เดทിเด•്เด•ാเตป เด’เดฐു เดชൗเดฐเดจെเดจ്เดจ เดจിเดฒเดฏിเตฝ เดŽเดฒ്เดฒാ เดชേเดฐും เดฌാเดง്เดฏเดธ്เดฅเดฐാเดฃ്. เด…เดคുเด•ൊเดฃ്เดŸ് เดจിเดฏเดฎം เดฒംเด˜ിเด•്เด•เดช്เดชെเดŸുเดจ്เดจเดค് เดถ്เดฐเดฆ്เดงเดฏിเตฝเดช്เดชെเดŸ്เดŸാเตฝ เดŽเดค്เดฐเดฏും เดชെเดŸ്เดŸെเดจ്เดจ് เด…เดงിเด•ാเดฐിเด•เดณെ เดตിเดตเดฐเดฎเดฑിเดฏിเด•്เด•ുเด•.. เด…เด–ിเตฝเดšเดจ്เดฆ്เดฐിเด•, เดคിเดฐുเดตเดจเดจ്เดคเดชുเดฐം, เดจെเดŸുเดฎเด™്เด™ാเดŸ്, +919446614358. เดจเดจ്เดฆി.
















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